Monday, 28 September 2015

My Wild-life Garden Chapter 17: September 28th


Yesterday we had a service at church for blessing “pets and animals”. Some of my friends took dogs. I think I was the only person to take animals that were not pets. In a small pail I had a few woodlice, three small slugs, three garden snails and one small snail. There was also a handful of leaf litter and a tuft of grass, with earth-covered roots, so goodness knows how many thousands of microscopic creatures there were.

The creatures were selected for their ability to live in a bucket for a morning without distress, and because they were sufficiently slow-moving not to escape. In fact the snails were pretty lively, and I had to keep detaching them from the rim and putting them back among the leaf litter. Most people seemed to think I was doing it as a joke. Far from it. The forms of life that are to humans insignificant, or even a nuisance, are as much part of the nature that we must cherish as are the furry creatures with big brown eyes that we find so appealing. It was nice to meet some children who found the snails things of fascination and beauty.

It was so hot at lunch-time that, mini-beasts restored to their homes, I lazed on a chair in the shade. It has been a lovely September in Edinburgh – call it late summer or early autumn as you wish. The combination of mellow sun and of touches of yellow among the leaves give the garden a golden aura which I am not clever enough to catch on camera, but which is very special. There are some lines by Dylan Thomas: “…and green and golden, I was huntsman and herdsman…” Green and golden is a very attractive mixture.

The main work is, and will continue to be, cutting back. I have let too much grow too freely in the last twelve months or so and there is a lot to do. One of the dilemmas for a wild gardener is to decide what to cut and what to leave. Possibly a suburban waste of nettles, ivy, self-seeded ash and willow herb would be good for wild-life. But this is also a garden, where with lots of different patches I try to keep things in balance. Anyhow, I am doing the cutting a little at a time. This is partly laziness, but it also means that amphibians and invertebrates disturbed in one area can move a yard or two and find fresh seed-heads and hollow stems and tangled old grass. One area that I must give some time to is the pond. If it becomes a swamp, with no open water, it will be a very different habitat from what we have become used to.

One advantage of cutting back is the frequent sightings of shy creatures. There was a fine Elasmucha grisea, Parent bug, sitting still on a leaf. It is one of the commoner sorts of shield-bug. 

Parent bug


There have been enough little frogs to give hope for the future population. There have been many sorts of bumble-bee and hover-fly. The biggest hover-flies look ferocious, but I gather that their similarity to stinging or biting insects is a trick to deter predators.

One lovely sight just now is small gnats dancing in the sun against a dark background. I have no idea what variety they are, but they are not biters. In fact I use the word “gnat” as an ignorant layman, not as a scientist or fisherman. I guess that their presence justifies the ponds and the wet moss, and the absence of pesticides. There are harvest-men around, with huge legs; and my grandson was pleased to have a lady-bird crawl on his hand.

On Saturday there was a familiar noise that made me look up. A skein of at least fifty geese flew across, high and going north. I claim no credit for them, of course, but I hope their breeding and feeding grounds are protected.

Monday, 21 September 2015

My Wild-life Garden Chapter 16: September 21st



On Saturday we went up Ben Lomond. That is a long way from the wildlife garden, of course, but such country trips give ideas and make one think about what is going on in one's local little patch. We had three seasons in one day, starting with hot sun and ending with mist and icy wind on the summit, with those who had gloves being pleased to put them on. On the way up the dominant bright flower was Succisa pratensis, Devilsbit Scabious. It was profuse, and growing thickly by the path. It would be fun to get some to do that in my “meadow” after the long grass is cut. I guess there would be a problem with over-fertility. When a patch has been a town garden for over a hundred years it is likely to have very different soil from a rough mountainside. But if you find you have got a garden of builder's rubble and sub-soil, do not despair. Some wild flowers will like it.

Water mint

In the pond one of our last flowers to bloom has come into flower. It is Mentha aquatica, Water Mint. I bought one plant when the pond was new, and still it survives and spreads, even though iris and spearwort and water lilies are much more aggressive. In the baby-bath pond I have tried to avoid total stagnation by installing the cheapest possible solar-powered fountain. Thanks to playing about with depths and nozzles I have managed to get it so that there is a jolly shower, but not a spurt that empties all the water out. This little device cost less than £8.00.

Solar-powered fountain

On the summit of Ben Lomond there were ravens croaking and doing free-fall stunts as they dived joyously. In the wild-garden one morning we found a scatter of sea-gull feathers trailing off into the bushes. I guess that such a big, powerful bird must have been the victim of a fox, not of a domestic cat; but I am not sure.

Predator at work

On the drive we commented on how the trees were just starting to turn yellow. Back home we are starting to see berries replacing flowers as the most colourful things. The Crataegus monogyna, Hawthorn, has haws, of course. But the real glory of the autumn fruits with us is the Rosa rubiginosa, Sweetbriar. In some years the mature hips – sometime after Christmas – have been very attractive to greenfinches. They have been less common in recent years, but one of the reasons for writing this blog has been to give me an incentive to observe more closely.

Sweetbriar hips

So as to help me with this observation I have bought a very jolly toy. It is a plastic jar with a magnifying lens in the lid. It enables us old folk with weak eyes to see little bugs of all sorts enlarged and close up. I still don't find I can identify any but the most common varieties.

Bug-box

Once or twice in the last week I have seen that wonderful sight of a gossamer thread catching the sun against the background of shade, as some tiny spider uses it to float off on its travels. I am hoping to see many spectacular webs in the next week or two. Watch this space.


Thursday, 10 September 2015

My Wild-life Garden Chapter 15: September 10th


Yesterday we had a magnificent wild-life garden event. One of the things that has turned up in the hedge has been oak-apples. I germinated the oak about twenty-five years ago from an acorn picked up in York. Well, ten days ago my five-year-old grandson asked if he could take one home in a jam-jar and see the bug when it came out. I had no idea how long he would have to wait,and if it would work. Then, yesterday afternoon, the phone rang. “Grandpa, grandpa. The bug's come out of my oak-apple!”. I had time, on the bus, to read a little. Apparently it was as likely to be a parasite as the gall-maker that emerged. But no. sitting safe in the jar was what we could see was Andricus kollari. It already seemed a bit big for the exit hole in the gall. I suppose it squeezed out soft-bodied and then body and wings became more rigid. It crawled out onto my grandson's hand, sat for a while so that we could get a good view, did a practice buzz to test its wings, and then soared away into Roseburn. What a treat.

Oak-apples


There has been a definite overall drop in temperature, but last Monday was really hot. To my astonishment I heard some robust croaking. Tiptoeing up to the pond – a good twenty-five yards away – I confirmed that it was indeed two frogs calling each other across the water. I wonder what the point was? It cannot, surely, be to do with breeding as autumn starts.

Red Admiral on Hemp Agrimony


On the same day I at last saw brightly coloured butterfly – Vanessa atalanta, Red Admiral. The Eupatorium cannabinum, Hemp agrimony, has sometimes been really good for butterflies. This year they have been scarce, so it is nice to see one. I hope it finds somewhere safe to hibernate, ready for spring.

Ground elder


One of the most striking plants by the pond just now is Aegopodium podagra, Ground elder. I see my flower book says of it “a pestilential weed... all too often in gardens”, so be careful. What the book does not say is that it is a particularly good insect nectar plant for early autumn. So far I seem to manage to pull out unwanted plants, but I guess it could spread wildly.

I have mentioned before that one does not need to be too austere about providing native plants. We have two magnificent bushes of Fuschia magellanica, Fuschia, planted by some predecessor. They look magnificent for several weeks, are loved by bees, and provide a pretty good thicket for birds to shelter in.

Fuschia


Sometimes I have recommended a book at this point. This week I recommend a TV programme. “Gardeners' Word” has become a splendid advocate for wild-life gardening. Monty Don's wild pond and his pollinators are given plenty of air-time – and far superior photography to mine. There is more to gardening than growing the biggest leek or a prize dahlia.

Wednesday, 2 September 2015

My Wild-life Garden Chapter 14: September 2




Several friends have commented that we seem to be in autumn already. Well, it is September, and September in the garden means that seed-heads are beginning to replace flowers as the main centre of interest.

Actually there are plenty of flowers left, and some new ones emerging, but the seed heads are very splendid. None more so, to my way of thinking, than Rumex, the Dock family. I did check the flower book to see if ours might be Scottish Dock, but it says they only grow on or near the shores of Loch Lomond.

Dock seed-heads


Urtica dioica, Common nettle, is one of those plants where the seeds show them at their best. Those tumbling cascades of pale green are worth putting up with a few stings. It would be nice to report lots of caterpillars on the nettles, showing that butterflies are active. But I really do think this has been our worst ever year for butterflies in the garden. I did see a Polygonia c-album, Comma, about a mile away but in the garden in August we have had to make do with the occasional White.

Common nettle


I have carried on cutting back in a cautious way. The slow speed is partly caused by laziness and partly by a desire to leave what beasts and mini-beasts need for food and shelter. My caution was rewarded today as I strimmed the “meadow” area. In theory my actions now imitate the farmer who turns cattle into his hay-field after mowing, to graze and trample. In practice I go very carefully, and so I saw three little frogs – this year's babies – hopping for cover. Best of all I saw a Triturus helviticus, Palmate newt. I was allowed to pick him up for a photograph.

Palmate newt


I do hope that the “lack” of newts compared with a few years ago is merely because there are far more places for them to hide, I do think the numbers crashed here after the very cold winter of a few years back (walking on the frozen canal, I remember), so it would be good if they were building up again.

The numerous thickets and undergrowth sometimes benefit foxes. I can do without them taking up residence, but I was pleased to see a big one the other morning, sauntering across the bottom of the garden as I first opened the shutters. Grey squirrels are also welcome only in small doses. Our local one is finding ways of eating fat-balls even when they are put in the squirrel-proof feeder. They do look very sweet.



One of the many great pleasures of a wild-life garden is that children can experience nature straight out of the back door. I have cut a secret passage-way in the undergrowth so that my grandson can push through to the back of the pond.